APPENDIX A:
WHO IS RESPONSIBLE FOR IMPLEMENTING INTERNAL CONTROLS?
The Governor
The overall responsibility for internal control in the executive branch rests with the Governor.
The Governor establishes the tone for a positive control environment and sets the
implementation example for the rest of the State. The Governor adopts the internal control
policies for achieving the objectives in his or her own office, as well as for State government
as a whole.
The State Comptroller
In Connecticut, consistent with Constitutional and statutory obligations, the State Comptroller
establishes the statewide internal control policies for all State agencies and authorities.
Agency Heads
Agency heads (including the constitutional officers) are responsible for adhering to the
statewide internal control policies and adapting them to their agencies' objectives. This helps
to ensure a positive control environment and convey high ethical standards to agency division
managers. Among other responsibilities, the agency head should do the following:
Bureau and Division Heads
Bureau and division heads are responsible for aligning division objectives with agency policy.
Division objectives guide the development and implementation of internal control policies and
procedures and ensure consistency with overall agency objectives and the strategic plan. In
addition, managers provide direction on the following:
Fiscal Officers
Fiscal officers play a particularly significant role in the implementation of financial internal controls. They track and analyze agency performance from a financial perspective. Fiscal officers are important in preventing and detecting fraudulent reporting. According to the 1992 Treadway Commission, fiscal officers have the following responsibilities:
The State Legislature
In the public sector, management is accountable to the General Assembly (State Legislature).
For example, through the rules review, budgeting, and auditing processes, the Governor,
agency heads, and governing boards are accountable to legislators. Because the State
Legislature can reserve its authority in regard to key decisions, such as Senate confirmation of
appointees, legislators have their own unique role in setting high-level objectives. In this
manner, the State Legislature's oversight plays a pervasive role in internal control. In
addition, the legislature's appointed Auditors of Public Accounts evaluate the internal control
structure as a part of their audits of the various State agencies.
Oversight and Governance
For Executive Branch departments, oversight and governance groups include the Office of the
State Comptroller, the Office of Policy and Management, the Department of Administrative
Services, the Office of the State Treasurer, and the Legislative Program Review and
Investigations Committee. These groups set standards and specify procedures for the operation
of State programs.
For higher education organizations, the oversight entity is usually a Board of Trustees and may include an audit committee.
Internal Auditors
Within an agency or division, internal auditors have a direct role in examining the adequacy
and effectiveness of internal controls. They also have a responsibility to recommend
improvements. Internal auditors have the difficult challenge of remaining objective; they must
maintain independence if they are to do their jobs effectively. The standards of Professional
Practice established by the Institute of Internal Auditors describe that important role. Internal
auditors must be concerned with the following: